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Hatlestad Slide
The Hatlestad Slide was a slide of mud and rock which occurred in the early morning of September 14, 2005 in a rural area in Bergen, Norway, as a result of heavy rainfall. The slide killed three people, wounded seven, and displaced many more, as it hit a row of residential houses in its path while the houses' occupants were asleep.〔(Mudslides hit Vestlandet ), Sept. 15, 2005, retrieved May 18, 2007〕 The event is notable not only for the loss of life it caused, but also for how it altered Norwegian policies on environmentalism and housing construction, as well as emergency management.〔(Bergen oppretter egen rasgruppe ), Nov. 14, 2005, retrieved May 18, 2007 〕〔(Dødsraset ), Bergens Tidende, Sept. 13, 2006, retrieved May 18, 2007 〕 In addition, the question on whether or not to end the treatment of fatally wounded Kristina Hjartåker, who was put on a ventilator until her death in February, sparked national debate, both on the case itself and on the ending of life-prolonging treatment in general.〔(Debate erupts over little girl's life ), Aftenposten, Jan 19, 2006, retrieved June 14, 2007 〕
== Hatlestad before the slide ==
Hatlestad Terrasse, a rural neighborhood in the borough of Fana, consists of clusters of housing units in a hilly setting. A single one-lane street connects the housing units to each other's and to Osvegen, a major two-lane road directly connecting the town of Os to the area of Nesttun.〔(Hatlestad Terrasse, Bergen ), Google Maps, upload date unknown, retrieved June 1, 2007. Note: As of June 1, satellite image depicts location before slide.〕 Hatlestad Terrasse 40, 42, 44 and 46, the grey-roofed houses closest to Osvegen, were the ones to be hit by the slide.〔(Notat G-1/Rasrisiko etter rekordnedbør 14. september. Hatlestad ), page 4, Multiconsult, Sept 20, 2005, retrieved June 14, 2007 〕
Before the Hatlestad Slide, Norway maintained a liberal policy when it came to housing construction on hills. The area of the afflicted housing units were therefore not surveyed for landslide risk before construction was commenced in the sixties, and the risk of landslides did not become known until later.〔(-Husene burde ikke vært bygd ), Bergens Tidende, Sept 28, 2005, retrieved June 14, 2007 〕 After construction was finished, there were several incidents of rocks dislodging from the cliff and hitting the road. The rocks did not cause material damage or personal injury, and the municipality took no action besides setting up a warning sign by the road.〔(Slo alarm, fikk fare-skilt ), Bergens Tidende, Sept. 14, 2005, retrieved May 18, 2007 〕 Despite repeated complaints from Hatlestad's residents about this problem and the general risk of landslides, the municipality did not secure the area, stating that securing land against landslides is the responsibility of the property owner. However, an order given to the property owners to secure the hill were never responded to, and the case was never resolved.〔(Undersøker kommunens håndtering av rasfare ), Vaktsentralen, Sept. 14, 2005, retrieved May 18, 2007 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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